Evolution		Evolution Publishing PO Box 1333 Merchantville NJ 08109, USA Email: info@arxpub.com

General Information

While a few of the ancient languages of the Eastern Woodlands coastal region are still spoken today, the majority of them are either extinct or very nearly so. Moreover, many of the languages which became extinct early on were never well recorded, and so there is little of these to study except short collections of a few hundred words or less.

The contents of the various vocabularies of these languages vary: some contain mainly social terms, others trading terms and still others natural history terms. But in most cases, some numbers have been recorded, and so we provide these here as a good basis for comparing the languages.

We have also provided links to those vocabularies we have published in our ALR series, which can be accessed from this page by following the hypertext links at the desired vocabulary. Those not linked are not currently available in our ALR series.

Due to the limitations of the html format, all accents have been left out of the transcriptions for the sake of readability. Missing characters in the manuscript vocabularies are indicated by an underscore _. Languages are arranged geographically from north to south, northernmost languages at the top.
 
 

ALGONQUIAN	author	date	one	two	three	four	five
Miami	Thornton	1802	nggooteh	niijueh	nisthueh	niiueh	ilaanueh
Illinois	Duponceau	1820	nicote	nihsson	nihssoni	nihoni	niaharangh
Shawnee	Weiser	1755	belecko	nishanu	unuswi	nehwy	yalanu
Shawnee ?	Eddleman	178?	nequita	nesway	netheny	narroway	nollony
Shawnee	Denny	1786	necootey	neesway	nethway	neaway	nalanway
Shawnee	Ridout	1788	nicoutee	nisswee	theywe	neawee	nealanawey
Shawnee	Johnston	1820	negote	neshwa	nithese	newe	nialinwe
Micmac (Souriquois)	Lescarbot	1609	negout	tabo	chicht	neou	nan
Maliseet	Stephens	1855	nac-quet	ta-bo	seest	na-hoo	naan
Etchemin	Lescarbot	1609	bechkon	nich	nach	iau	prenchk
Massachusett	Wood	1635	a quit	nees	nis	yoaw	abbona
Natick	Trumbull	1903	nequt	neese	nish	yaw	napanna
Narragansett	Williams	1643	nquit	neesse	nish	yoh	nepanna
Pequot	Noyes	1679	nucqutt	nau?	nish	yaw	nuppaw
Pequot	Stiles	1762	nuquut	naez/neeze	shweh	yauh	nuppau
Mohegan-Pequot	Prince & Speck	1904	nequt	nis	ch'wi	iaw	nipau
Montauk	Gardiner	1798	nucqut	neeze	nish	iyeow	nepau
Unquachog	Jefferson	1791	nquit?	nees	nus	yauh	napaa
Mahican (Moravian)	Schmick	1754	ngutte	nesche	nacha	nawa	nanane
Mahican (Stockbridge)	Edwards	1788	ngwittoh	neesoh	noghhoh	nauwoh	nunon
Mahican	Jefferson	1791	n-co-tah	nu-shah	na-hagh	na-wagh	nonun
Mahican	Jefferson	1791	guttah	ni-schah	na-chah	na-wah	na-nan
Lenape (Minsi)	Heckewelder	1816	gutti	nischa	nacha	newa	nalan
Lenape (Minsi)	Jefferson	1791	gut-ti	ni-scha	na-che	ne-we	na-lan
Lenape (Moravian)	Brinton & Anthony	1888	ngutti	nischa	nacha	newo	palenach
Lenape (Sanhican)	DeLaet	1633	cotte	nysse	nacha	wywe	parenagh
Lenape (New Jersey)	Madison	1792	guute	niiska	niiha	naa	pollinuuk
Lenape	Weiser	1755	koty	nisha	naha	nehwa	beleanagh
Lenape	Denny	1785	guttee	nechshaa	nochhaa	nevaa	paaleenough
Lenape (Jargon)	Anonymous	1684	cutte	nisha	necca	neuwa	palenah
Lenape (Jargon)	Holm	1696	ciutte	nissa	nacha	naeuwo	pareenach
Lenape (Jargon)	Thomas	1698	kooty	nisha	nacha	neo	pelenach
Nanticoke (Choptank)	Vans Murray	1792	nickquit	na-eez	nis (whu)	yaugh (whu)	nup-pai-a
Nanticoke	Jefferson	1791	nuk-gut	nus	nischw	iauch	nep-pa-ie
Nanticoke	Speck	1914	nokut	nis	nes	yau	nepaya'
Powhatan	Smith	1614	necut	ningh	nuss	yough	paranske
Powhatan	Strachey	1612	nekut	ninge	nousough	yeough	porance
Pamlico	Lawson	1709	weembot	neshinnauh	nish-wonner	yau-ooner	umperren
IROQUOIAN	author	date	one	two	three	four	five
Stadacona	Cartier	1535	secada	tigneni	hasche	hannaion	oiuscon
Huron	Sagard-Theodat	1632	escate	teni	hachin	dac	ouyche
Huron	Potier	1920	skat	tendi	achienk	ndak	8ich
Wyandot	Weiser	1755	uscot	tenty	ashuck	hanack	uwisk
Wyandot	Johnston	1820	scat	tin,dee	shaight	an,daght	wee,ish
Wyandot	Walker	1852	skot	tendee	schenk	n'dauhk	oo weehsh
Mohawk	Wassenaer	1624	honslat	tegeni	hasse	kajeri	wisk
Mohawk	van den Bogaert	1635	onscat	tiggeni	asse	cayere	wisch
Mohawk	Weiser	1755	huskat	teckiny	achson	cayeary	wisk
Mohawk	Vaughan?	1757	muscat	tigany	achsa	kaery	whisk
Mohawk	Edwards	1788	uskot	teggeneh	ohs	kialeh	wisk
Mohawk	Dwight	1836	oohskott	tekkehnih	ohson	kuhyayrelih	wissk
Mohawk	Elliot	1845	easka	tekeni	aghsea	kieri	wisk
Oneida	Jefferson	1791	nu_cat	teghin	h__	cayeli	huisc
Oneida	Shearman	1845	ans cot	da ga nee	ha son	ki ya lee	wisk
Onondaga	Alsop	1666	unskat	tegni	achen	gayeri	wisk
Onondaga	Zeisberger	1760	skata	tekeni	achoo	gajeri	wisk
Onondaga	Jefferson	1791	skata	tekeni	achso	gajeri	wisk
Onondaga	Shea	1860	unskat	tegni	achen	gayeri	8isk
Cayuga	Elliot	1845	skat	tekni	segh	kei	wis
Seneca	War Department	1836	skaut	ticknee	shegh	kaee	wish
Mingo (Conestoga)	Vaughan?	1757		tickhany	auksheh	kayih	whisk
Susquehannock	Campanius	1696	onskat	tiggene	axe	rajene	wisck
Nottoway	Wood	1820	unte	dekanee	arsa	hentag	whisk
Tuscarora	Lawson	1709	unche	necte	ohs-sah	untoc	ouch-whe
Tuscarora	Vaughan?	1757	anchy	neckaty	anchou	huntacht	whisk
Tuscarora	Chew	1845	euh che	nak te	ah sunk	kunh toh	weesk
SIOUAN	author	date	one	two	three	four	five
Tutelo	Hale	1883	nons	nomp	lat, nan	top	kise
Tutelo	Sapir	1913	blos	nos	na	tu	bi
Tutelo	Frachtenberg	1913	nons	kiseng	sagom	tup	niswa
Catawba	Gallatin	1836	dupunna	naperra	namunda	purre-purra	pukte-arra
Woccon	Lawson	1709	tonne	num-perra	nam-mee	punnum-punne	webtau
UNCLASSIFIED	author	date	one	two	three	four	five
Nansemond	Mooney	1907	nikatwin	nakatwin	nikwasati	toisiaw'	misha'naw
Pamunkey	Dalrymple	1858	nikkut	orijak	kiketock	mitture	nahnkitty